#medical evidence

The Gujarat High Court upheld the murder acquittal of an accused who inflicted fist blows during a sudden quarrel, ruling that absent specific intent to cause death, such spontaneous violence falls outside Section 300 IPC. The court declined to interfere with the trial court's finding that the act constituted only voluntarily causing hurt under Section 323 IPC.

The Gujarat High Court affirmed the acquittal of the accused after medical evidence revealed no axe-blow injury, contradicting ocular testimony of fatal head trauma. It held that in acquittal appeals under Section 378 CrPC, the double presumption of innocence requires acquittal to be upheld unless the prosecution proves guilt beyond reasonable doubt, benefiting accused facing conflicting eyewitness and medical evidence.

The Supreme Court held dock identification is substantive evidence while TIP is merely corroborative, acquitting a POCSO accused due to contradictory medical timelines and investigation lapses. The decision underscores that convictions cannot rely solely on TIP without reliable dock identification backed by consistent medical proof.

Allahabad HC grants bail under BNSS 64 after noting a 1.5-month delay in FIR registration, contradictions in the victim's statement, lack of documentary proof of age, and a medico-legal report failing to corroborate rape allegations. The court emphasized overcrowded jails and trial pendency while stressing the need for robust evidence in serious offenses.

Bombay High Court grants anticipatory bail in a rape case, holding that prior serious disputes between parties and absence of corroborative medical evidence raise strong doubts about false implication. The ruling underscores the need for prima facie evidence beyond mere allegations in sexual offence cases under Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita.

Allahabad High Court grants anticipatory bail under BNSS and U.P. Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Act, 2021, emphasizing inordinate delay in FIR lodging, absence of medical evidence linking the applicant to assault, and parity with a co-accused already granted bail. The ruling reinforces that procedural lapses and weak evidentiary support can tilt the balance in favor of personal liberty.

Rajasthan High Court suspends conviction in a sexual assault case, emphasizing that hostile witnesses and absence of forensic corroboration undermine prosecution credibility. The ruling underscores that prolonged incarceration without appeal hearing warrants interim relief under Section 389 BNSS, particularly when DNA/FSL reports fail to support allegations.

The Allahabad High Court granted bail in a case under Section 105 B.N.S. after finding the prosecution’s case collapsed without medical corroboration - the deceased died of a hemorrhagic stroke, not trauma. This reinforces that in non-bailable offences under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, the absence of injury evidence can fatally undermine the prima facie case, protecting accused persons from prolonged detention without forensic support.

The Rajasthan High Court granted bail to a compounder accused of culpable homicide after the FSL report conclusively established sudden cardiac failure as the cause of death, not the alleged injection. This ruling reinforces that prosecutorial allegations unsupported by medical evidence cannot sustain a prima facie case under BNS 2023, protecting healthcare providers from baseless criminal liability.

Patna High Court grants anticipatory bail where hospital records disproved FIR claims of serious assault, imposing Rs. 5,000 compensation and monthly reporting conditions. The ruling underscores that discrepancies between medical evidence and allegations can negate prima facie case severity, offering relief to accused facing exaggerated charges.

Allahabad High Court acquitted appellants in a murder trial, holding that material contradictions between eyewitness accounts and medical evidence, coupled with unreliable recoveries and witness testimony, failed to meet the 'beyond reasonable doubt' standard. The ruling reinforces that prosecution must establish a consistent chain of evidence to secure conviction under Section 302 IPC.

Bombay High Court rules that functional disability in motor accident claims must align with the medical board’s certificate, not private assessments. The judgment reinforces that tribunals must accept board-certified disability percentages as conclusive evidence unless proven fraudulent, impacting compensation calculations for claimants.

Bombay High Court grants bail in a POCSO case after finding that the medical report did not confirm penetrative sexual assault and the victim’s police statement omitted key allegations. The ruling underscores that proportionality and evidentiary gaps may justify bail even in serious offences under the POCSO Act.

The Allahabad High Court ruled that when medical evidence establishes an individual as a major, it supersedes conflicting documentary proof in habeas corpus proceedings, safeguarding personal liberty under Article 21. This reinforces that consent and bodily autonomy prevail over bureaucratic records in cases involving young adults, setting a critical precedent for reproductive and relational freedom.

The Bombay High Court upheld bail denial in a POCSO case even after the victim and her mother withdrew support, emphasizing that forensic proof of hymenal tear and DNA evidence independently establish a prima facie case. This reinforces that child sexual assault prosecutions cannot be derailed by post-facto non-cooperation, safeguarding the integrity of medical evidence in minor abuse cases.