Supreme Court holds that free sanitary pads and separate toilets in schools are constitutionally mandated under Article 21A and RTE Act to ensure dignity, equality, and continuous education for girls.
Supreme Court holds that NGT may use project cost or turnover to quantify environmental compensation under polluter pays principle, provided it is rational and reasoned.
Madras High Court upholds conviction under IPC 302 and TNWHA based solely on dying declaration, affirming its admissibility when corroborated by circumstantial evidence and medical findings.
CAT Guwahati holds that a divorced daughter is eligible for family pension if dependency existed during the employee's lifetime, regardless of divorce decree date.
Central Information Commission holds that non-response to RTI applications constitutes gross violation of RTI Act, 2005, warranting penalty proceedings against CPIO.
CIC clarifies that under Section 18 RTI Act, it lacks power to direct disclosure of information; jurisdiction is limited to imposing penalties for deliberate denial.
Bombay High Court holds that issuing process under Section 200 CrPC demands judicial scrutiny; routine issuance without evaluating veracity violates due process.
Bombay High Court holds that parties cannot invoke no-escalation clauses to avoid liability when their own breach causes delay and additional costs to the contractor.
Bombay High Court upholds DV Act relief granted ex parte where husband failed to contest allegations of domestic violence, affirming that unchallenged evidence suffices for protection.
Chennai ITAT holds that notices under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act must be issued only by Faceless Assessing Officers, invalidating JAO-issued notices post-2022 e-assessment scheme.
Madhya Pradesh High Court holds that seized vehicles under NDPS Act cannot be kept at police stations indefinitely; must be released on bond with conditions to prevent depreciation.
Kerala High Court mandates quarterly vigilance reports to both Travancore Devaswom Board and Sabarimala Special Commissioner, ensuring transparency and real-time oversight.
Bombay High Court holds that only MSMEs with loan limits up to Rs.25 crores qualify for RBI's revival framework; exposure means sanctioned limit, not outstanding amount.
Bombay High Court holds that compensation under D.V. Act cannot be awarded without reasoned justification, even if maintenance is upheld. Clarifies evidentiary standards for financial relief.
Bombay High Court holds that stay must be granted when procedural irregularities prejudice a party's right to be heard, reinforcing natural justice in civil appeals.
Madhya Pradesh High Court holds that compulsory retirement does not forfeit earned leave encashment; Regulation 67 does not nullify accumulated leave under Regulation 61(4).
Bombay High Court refuses leave to appeal in corruption case, holding that prosecution must prove direct demand and acceptance by public servant beyond reasonable doubt.
Bombay High Court holds that procedural defects in disciplinary inquiry nullify dismissal even where prima facie forgery exists, reinforcing natural justice in labour law.
CAT Allahabad holds that transferring a senior specialist physician to a lower-tier unit violates service policy and constitutes punitive action despite no pay cut.