#statutory exclusion

MP State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission rules that consumer forums cannot adjudicate disputes under Sections 126 and 135 of the Electricity Act, 2003, as these fall under the exclusive jurisdiction of specialized authorities. The ruling bars consumers from seeking relief for unauthorized electricity use recoveries through consumer courts, reinforcing statutory exclusions in sector-specific laws.

Bombay High Court rules that Primary Ashram Schools do not fall under the definition of 'private schools' under the MEPS Act, thereby excluding their employees from invoking the School Tribunal's jurisdiction. The decision underscores the statutory exclusion of certain educational institutions from employment dispute resolution mechanisms.

The Calcutta High Court has ruled that pending civil litigation cannot be used to bar revenue tribunals from deciding tenancy and land rights under Section 61 of the West Bengal Land Reforms Act, 1955. This clarifies the statutory separation between civil and revenue jurisdictions, empowering land reform authorities to act even when civil suits over the same land are ongoing - a critical precedent for thousands of pending land disputes in West Bengal.

Supreme Court holds that employees of Heavy Water Plant under DAE are excluded from Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 as they are governed by CCS Pension Rules, reinforcing statutory exclusions.