#self-incrimination

Madhya Pradesh High Court rules that courts may direct re-recording of voice samples under Section 349 of BNSS if the original sample is inadequate, even if previously collected. The decision clarifies investigative procedures where initial evidence collection fails to meet standards, impacting criminal trials relying on forensic voice analysis.

The Punjab and Haryana High Court has ruled that an accused person cannot be forced to aid investigators in locating or surrendering incriminating material, as doing so violates the constitutional right against self-incrimination. This clarifies that passive cooperation - such as appearing for questioning - does not equate to an obligation to actively facilitate evidence recovery, strengthening the defence’s procedural shield under the new BNSS framework.