Case Law Analysis
|Delhi High Court
Examination of Complainant and Witnesses on Oath Required Before Notice to Accused | BNSS Sec 223(1) in Private Complaint Cognizance : Delhi HC
Under BNSS Sec 223(1), Delhi HC held that a magistrate must examine the complainant and witnesses on oath before issuing notice to accused in a complaint, making examination prerequisite to cognizance and strengthening procedural safeguards for accused.