#CPC Order I Rule 10

Supreme Court rules that even erroneous fact-based orders bind parties under res judicata unless jurisdictional defects exist. Clarifies impleadment of transferees pendente lite under CPC Order I Rule 10 and Order XXII Rule 10, impacting property dispute litigants.

The Bombay High Court ruled that a resident suffering direct harm-such as structural leakage-from unauthorized construction on a neighboring property can be impleaded as a proper party in a suit challenging a demolition notice, even if the plaintiff does not seek any relief against them. This clarifies that procedural fairness under CPC extends to those materially affected by disputed construction, not just formal titleholders.