#false evidence

Supreme Court rules Section 340 CrPC mandates judicial satisfaction of both false statements and expediency in justice before directing complaints for IPC Sections 193, 199, 200. Clarifies courts cannot act solely on procedural errors in pleadings. Impacts civil litigation where false statements may trigger criminal contempt proceedings.

MP High Court rules that a false affidavit submitted in a non-judicial context (e.g., marriage) does not attract criminal liability under Section 193 IPC, as it does not constitute 'false evidence' in a judicial proceeding. The court quashed proceedings, emphasizing that matrimonial disputes cannot be weaponized to misuse criminal law.