Topic

constitutional protection

Constitutional protection under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution safeguards life and personal liberty, including the rights of live-in couples regardless of marital status.

5 articlesLatest April 2026
Article 21 | Marriage Not Required for State Protection of Live-in Couples: Punjab & Haryana HC
Case Law Analysis
|Punjab and Haryana High Court

Article 21 | Marriage Not Required for State Protection of Live-in Couples: Punjab & Haryana HC

The Punjab & Haryana High Court has ruled that adults in live-in relationships are entitled to police protection under Article 21 solely by virtue of their voluntary cohabitation, irrespective of marital status. This affirms that the right to life and liberty includes the freedom to choose intimate partnerships without state-imposed formalities, directly shielding cohabiting adults from familial harassment and state inaction.

Article 21 | State Must Protect Live-in Couples from Familial Threats Even When One Partner Is Married: Punjab & Haryana HC
Case Law Analysis
|Punjab and Haryana High Court

Article 21 | State Must Protect Live-in Couples from Familial Threats Even When One Partner Is Married: Punjab & Haryana HC

The Punjab & Haryana High Court reaffirmed that consensual live-in relationships between major adults-even if one partner is married-are entitled to state protection under Article 21. The ruling mandates police intervention to safeguard couples from familial threats, irrespective of societal or legal marital status, reinforcing the primacy of individual liberty over moral or familial objections.

Article 21 | Live-in Couples Entitled to Protection Even When One Partner Is Married : Punjab and Haryana HC
Case Law Analysis
|Punjab and Haryana High Court

Article 21 | Live-in Couples Entitled to Protection Even When One Partner Is Married : Punjab and Haryana HC

The Punjab and Haryana High Court has ruled that major individuals in live-in relationships are protected under Article 21 regardless of existing marital status, affirming that personal choice in companionship is integral to the right to life and liberty. This extends critical safeguards to individuals facing familial coercion, setting a precedent for police protection in non-marital but consensual cohabitation cases.

Article 21 | Constitutional Protection for Live-in Relationships Extends to Divorced/Married Adults : Punjab & Haryana HC
Case Law Analysis
|Punjab and Haryana High Court

Article 21 | Constitutional Protection for Live-in Relationships Extends to Divorced/Married Adults : Punjab & Haryana HC

The Punjab & Haryana High Court ruled that major adults in live-in relationships-even if one or both are divorced or married-are entitled to constitutional protection under Article 21, directing police to safeguard them from familial threats. The judgment reinforces personal autonomy as a non-negotiable right, irrespective of marital status or societal disapproval.